Description

1.1 This specification covers grades of pyrolysis liquid biofuel produced from biomass intended for use in various types of fuel-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades are described as follows:

1.1.1 Grade G is intended for use in industrial burners equipped to handle the pyrolysis liquid biofuels meeting the requirements listed for Grade G in Table 1. The pyrolysis liquid biofuel listed under Grade G in Table 1 is not intended for use in residential heaters, small commercial boilers, engines, or marine applications.

1.1.2 Grade D is intended for use in commercial/industrial burners requiring lower solids and ash content and which are equipped to handle the pyrolysis liquid biofuels meeting the requirements listed for Grade D in Table 1. The pyrolysis liquid biofuel listed under Grade D in Table 1 is not intended for use in residential heaters, engines, or marine applications not modified to handle these types of fuels.

Note 1 – For information on the significance of the physical, chemical, and performance properties identified in this specification, see Appendix X1.

1.2 This specification is for use in contracts for the purchase of pyrolysis liquid biofuel and for guidance of consumers of this type of fuel.

1.3 Nothing in this specification should preclude observance of national or local regulations, which may be more restrictive.

Note 2 – The generation and dissipation of static electricity may create problems in the handling of pyrolysis liquid biofuel. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4.1 Exception – BTU units are included for information only in 3.1.5.1.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Pyrolysis Liquid Biofuels

Property	Test Method	Grade G	Grade D
Gross Heat of Combustion, MJ/kg, min	D240	15	15
Water Content, % mass, max	E203	30	30
Pyrolysis Solids Content, % mass, max	D7579	2.5	0.25
Kinematic Viscosity at 40°C, mm²/s, max	D445^A	125	125
Density at 20°C, kg/dm³	D4052	1.1–1.3	1.1–1.3
Sulfur Content, % mass, max	D4294	0.05	0.05
Ash Content, % mass, max	D482	0.25	0.15
pH.	E70	Report	Report
Flash Point,°C, min	D93, Procedure B	45	45
Pour Point,°C, max	D97	–9	–9